litaba

Ka kutloisiso e pharaletseng, kutlwisiso ea rona ea faeba ea khalase esale e le hore ke thepa e seng ea tšepe e sa pheleng, empa ka ho teba ha lipatlisiso, rea tseba hore ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lifaeba tsa khalase, 'me li na le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo, 'me ho na le melemo e mengata e ikhethang. Mohlala, matla a eona a mechini a phahame haholo, 'me khanyetso ea eona ea mocheso le khanyetso ea mafome le tsona li ntle haholo. Ke 'nete hore ha ho na thepa e phethahetseng, 'me faeba ea khalase le eona e na le mefokolo ea eona e ke keng ea hlokomolohuoa, ke hore, ha e na ho tsofala ebile e sekamela ho robeheng. Ka hona, ts'ebelisong e sebetsang, re tlameha ho sebelisa matla a rona le ho qoba mefokolo ea rona.

Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa faeba ea khalase li bonolo ho li fumana, haholo-holo lihlahisoa tsa khale tsa khalase kapa tsa khalase tse lahliloeng. Faeba ea khalase e ntle haholo, 'me monofilaments ea khalase e fetang 20 hammoho e lekana le botenya ba moriri. Faeba ea khalase hangata e ka sebelisoa e le thepa e matlafatsang thepa e kopaneng. Ka lebaka la ho teba ha lipatlisiso tsa faeba ea khalase lilemong tsa morao tjena, e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa haholo tlhahisong le bophelong ba rona. Lihlooho tse 'maloa tse latelang li hlalosa haholo ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso le ts'ebeliso ea faeba ea khalase. Sengoloa sena se hlahisa thepa, likarolo tse kholo, litšobotsi tse kholo, le karohano ea thepa ea faeba ea khalase. Lihlooho tse 'maloa tse latelang li tla tšohla ts'ebetso ea eona ea tlhahiso, ts'ireletso ea polokeho, Ts'ebeliso e kholo, ts'ireletso ea polokeho, boemo ba indasteri le litebello tsa nts'etsopele lia hlalosoa.

Iselelekela

1.1 Thepa ea khalase ea faeba

Tšobotsi e 'ngoe e ntle ea faeba ea khalase ke matla a eona a ho thapolla a phahameng, a ka fihlang ho 6.9g/d boemong bo tloaelehileng le 5.8g/d boemong bo mongobo. Matlotlo a joalo a matle a etsa hore faeba ea khalase e sebelisoe hangata E ka sebelisoa hohle e le thepa e matlafatsang. E na le boima ba A ba 2.54. Faeba ea khalase le eona e hanela mocheso haholo, 'me e boloka thepa ea eona e tloaelehileng ho 300°C. Fiberglass ka linako tse ling e sebelisoa haholo e le thepa ea ho thibela mocheso le ea ho sireletsa, ka lebaka la thepa ea eona ea ho thibela motlakase le ho se khone ho bola habonolo.

1.2 Metswako e meholo

Sebopeho sa faeba ya khalase se rarahane haholo. Ka kakaretso, dikarolo tse ka sehloohong tse amohelwang ke bohle ke silica, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, boron oxide, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide jj. Bophara ba monofilament ya faeba ya khalase ke di-micron tse ka bang 10, tse lekanang le 1/10 ya bophara ba moriri. Sehlopha se seng le se seng sa difaeba se entswe ka di-monofilament tse dikete. Tshebetso ya ho taka e fapane hanyane. Hangata, dikahare tsa silica ka hara faeba ya khalase di etsa 50% ho isa ho 65%. Matla a ho thapisa a difaeba tsa khalase tse nang le aluminium oxide e fetang 20% ​​a phahame haholo, hangata a matla a phahameng a difaeba tsa khalase, ha dikahare tsa aluminium oxide tsa difaeba tsa khalase tse se nang alkali hangata e ka ba 15%. Haeba o batla ho etsa hore faeba ya khalase e be le modulus e kgolo ya elastic, o tlameha ho netefatsa hore dikahare tsa magnesium oxide di feta 10%. Ka lebaka la faeba ya khalase e nang le ferric oxide e nyane, ho hanyetsa ha yona mafome ho ntlafaditswe ho isa maemong a fapaneng.

1.3 Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa

1.3.1 Lisebelisoa tse tala le lits'ebetso

Ha ho bapisoa le likhoele tse sa pheleng, thepa ea likhoele tsa khalase e phahame haholo. Ho thata ho hotetsa, ha e chese, ha e kenelle mochesong, ha e kenelle mochesong, e tsitsitse haholoanyane, ebile ha e hane ho taboha. Empa e robeha habonolo 'me e na le ho hanyetsa ho tsofala ho fokolang. E sebelisoa ho etsa polasetiki e matlafalitsoeng kapa e sebelisetsoa ho matlafatsa rabara, kaha thepa e matlafatsang, khoele ea khalase e na le litšobotsi tse latelang:

(1) Matla a yona a ho kganna a betere ho feta thepa e meng, empa bolelele ba yona bo tlase haholo.

(2) Koefficient e tenyetsehang e loketse haholoanyane.

(3) Ka har'a moeli oa ho tenyetseha, faeba ea khalase e ka atoloha nako e telele 'me ea tetebela haholo, kahoo e ka monya matla a mangata ha e tobane le ho otloa.

(4) Kaha faeba ea khalase ke faeba e sa pheleng, faeba e sa pheleng e na le melemo e mengata, ha ho bonolo ho e chesa 'me litšobotsi tsa eona tsa lik'hemik'hale li tsitsitse.

(5) Ha ho bonolo ho monya metsi.

(6) E hanela mocheso ebile e tsitsitse, ha ho bonolo ho e arabela.

(7) Ho sebetsa ha eona ho hotle haholo, 'me e ka sebetsoa hore e be lihlahisoa tse ntle ka libopeho tse fapaneng tse kang likhoele, li-felt, liphutheloana le masela a lohiloeng.

(8) E ka fetisa leseli.

(9) Kaha thepa e fumaneha habonolo, theko ha e theko e boima.

(10) Ha mocheso o le hodimo, ho ena le ho tjhesa, e qhibiliha ho ba difaha tse metsi.

1.4 Tlhophiso

Ho ya ka maemo a fapaneng a ho arola, faeba ya khalase e ka arolwa ka mefuta e mengata. Ho ya ka dibopeho le bolelele bo fapaneng, e ka arolwa ka mefuta e meraro: difaeba tse tswelang pele, k'hothone ya faeba le difaeba tse bolelele bo tsitsitseng. Ho ya ka dikarolo tse fapaneng, tse kang dikahare tsa alkali, e ka arolwa ka mefuta e meraro: faeba ya khalase e se nang alkali, faeba ya khalase e mahareng ya alkali, le faeba ya khalase e nang le alkali e ngata.

1.5 Tlhahiso ea thepa e tala

Tlhahisong ea 'nete ea indasteri, e le ho hlahisa faeba ea khalase, re hloka alumina, lehlabathe la quartz, lejoe la mokoetla, pyrophyllite, dolomite, molora oa soda, mirabilite, boric acid, fluorite, faeba ea khalase e sitsitsoeng, jj.

1.6 Mokhoa oa tlhahiso

Mekhoa ea tlhahiso ea indasteri e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: e 'ngoe ke ho qhibilihisa likhoele tsa khalase pele, ebe ho etsoa lihlahisoa tsa khalase tse chitja kapa tse bōpehileng joaloka thupa tse nang le bophara bo bonyenyane. Ebe, e futhumatsoa le ho qhibilihisoa hape ka litsela tse fapaneng ho etsa likhoele tse ntle tse nang le bophara ba 3-80 μm. Mofuta o mong le oona o qhibilihisa khalase pele, empa o hlahisa likhoele tsa khalase ho e-na le lithupa kapa lisekoere. Sampole e ile ea huloa ka poleiti ea motsoako oa platinum ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa ho taka oa mechine. Lintho tse hlahisoang li bitsoa likhoele tse tsoelang pele. Haeba likhoele li huloa ka tokisetso ea roller, lintho tse hlahang li bitsoa likhoele tse sa khaotseng, tse tsejoang hape e le likhoele tsa khalase tse khaotsoeng bolelele, le likhoele tse tloaelehileng.

1.7 Ho fumana mangolo

Ho ya ka sebopeho se fapaneng, tshebediso le thepa ya faeba ya khalase, e arotsoe ka maemo a fapaneng. Difaeba tsa khalase tse rekisitsweng matjhabeng ke tse latelang:

1.7.1 Khalase ea elektronike

Ke khalase ea borate, e boetseng e bitsoang khalase e se nang alkali bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi. Ka lebaka la melemo ea eona e mengata, ke eona e sebelisoang haholo. Hona joale ke eona e sebelisoang haholo, leha e sebelisoa haholo, empa hape e na le mefokolo e ke keng ea qojoa. E arabela habonolo le letsoai le sa pheleng, kahoo ho thata ho e boloka tikolohong e nang le asiti.

Khalase ea C ea 1.7.2

Tlhahisong ea 'nete, e boetse e bitsoa khalase ea alkali e mahareng, e nang le thepa e tsitsitseng ea lik'hemik'hale le khanyetso e ntle ea asiti. Bothata ba eona ke hore matla a mechini ha a holimo 'me ts'ebetso ea motlakase e mpe. Libaka tse fapaneng li na le maemo a fapaneng. Indastering ea fiber ea khalase ea lapeng, ha ho na karolo ea boron khalaseng ea alkali e mahareng. Empa indastering ea fiber ea khalase ea kantle ho naha, seo ba se hlahisang ke khalase ea alkali e mahareng e nang le boron. Hase feela hore na bokae bo fapane, empa karolo e bapaloang ke khalase ea alkali e mahareng lapeng le kantle ho naha le eona e fapane. Li-mat tsa fiber ea khalase le lithupa tsa fiber ea khalase tse hlahisoang kantle ho naha li entsoe ka khalase ea alkali e mahareng. Tlhahisong, khalase ea alkali e mahareng le eona e sebetsa ka asphalt. Naheng ea heso, lebaka la mantlha ke hore e sebelisoa haholo ka lebaka la theko ea eona e tlase haholo, 'me e sebetsa hohle indastering ea lesela le phuthelang le ea filthara.

Molamu oa khalase ea fiberglass

1.7.3 Khalase ea faeba ea khalase A

Tlhahisong, batho ba boetse ba e bitsa khalase e nang le alkali e ngata, e leng ea khalase ea sodium silicate, empa ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa metsi ha eona, hangata ha e hlahisoe e le faeba ea khalase.

1.7.4 Khalase ea Fiberglass D

E boetse e bitsoa khalase ea dielectric 'me ka kakaretso ke thepa e tala ea mantlha bakeng sa likhoele tsa khalase ea dielectric.

1.7.5 Khalase e matla e nang le faeba e phahameng ea khalase

Matla a eona a phahame ka 1/4 ho feta a faeba ea khalase ea E, 'me modulus ea eona e tenyetsehang e phahame ho feta ea faeba ea khalase ea E. Ka lebaka la melemo ea eona e fapaneng, e lokela ho sebelisoa haholo, empa ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tsa eona tse phahameng, hajoale e boetse e sebelisoa feela masimong a mang a bohlokoa, joalo ka indasteri ea sesole, lifofane le tse ling.

1.7.5 Khalase ea faeba ea khalase ea AR

E boetse e bitsoa faeba ea khalase e hanelang alkali, e leng faeba e hloekileng e sa pheleng 'me e sebelisoa e le thepa e matlafatsang konkreite e matlafalitsoeng ea faeba ea khalase. Tlas'a maemo a itseng, e ka nka sebaka sa tšepe le asbestos.

1.7.6 Khalase ea E-CR ea fiber ea khalase

Ke khalase e ntlafetseng e se nang boron le e se nang alkali. Hobane khanyetso ea eona ea metsi e batla e le makhetlo a 10 ho feta ea faeba ea khalase e se nang alkali, e sebelisoa haholo tlhahisong ea lihlahisoa tse sa keneleng metsi. Ho feta moo, khanyetso ea eona ea asiti le eona e matla haholo, 'me e na le boemo bo ka sehloohong tlhahisong le ts'ebelisong ea liphaephe tse ka tlas'a lefatše. Ntle le likhoele tsa khalase tse tloaelehileng tse boletsoeng ka holimo, bo-rasaense joale ba thehile mofuta o mocha oa faeba ea khalase. Hobane ke sehlahisoa se se nang boron, se khotsofatsa takatso ea batho ea ho sireletsa tikoloho. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho na le mofuta o mong oa faeba ea khalase e tsebahalang haholo, e leng faeba ea khalase e nang le motsoako oa khalase e habeli. Lihlahisoa tsa hona joale tsa boea ba khalase, re ka bona boteng ba eona.

1.8 Tlhahlobo ea likhoele tsa khalase

Mokhoa oa ho khetholla likhoele tsa khalase o bonolo haholo, ke hore, kenya likhoele tsa khalase ka metsing, u li futhumatse ho fihlela metsi a bela, 'me u li boloke lihora tse 6-7. Haeba u fumana hore litsela tsa ho kobeha le tsa weft tsa likhoele tsa khalase ha li sa lekana, ke likhoele tsa khalase tse nang le alkali e ngata. . Ho ea ka litekanyetso tse fapaneng, ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho arola likhoele tsa khalase, tseo ka kakaretso li arotsoeng ho latela maikutlo a bolelele le bophara, sebopeho le ts'ebetso.

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