Lefatšeng le leholo la li-polymers tsa maiketsetso, polyester e eme e le le leng la malapa a nang le mekhoa e mengata le e sebelisoang haholo. Leha ho le joalo, ntlha e tloaelehileng ea pherekano e hlaha ka mantsoe "saturated" le "unsaturated" polyester. Ha ba ntse ba arolelana karolo ea lebitso, libopeho tsa bona tsa lik'hemik'hale, thepa le lits'ebetso tsa mantlha li arohane ka lefatše.
Ho utloisisa phapang ena ha se thutong feela—ho bohlokoa haholo hore lienjineri, baqapi ba lihlahisoa, bahlahisi le litsebi tsa ho reka thepa ba khethe thepa e nepahetseng bakeng sa mosebetsi, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso, ho tšoarella, le ho baballa litšenyehelo.
Tataiso ena e hlakileng e tla hlakola lihlopha tsena tse peli tsa bohlokoa tsa polymer, e u fe tsebo e hlokahalang ho etsa qeto e nang le tsebo bakeng sa projeke ea hau e latelang.
Phapang ea Motheo: Tsohle li ka har'a lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale
Phapang ea mantlha e teng mokokotlong oa bona oa limolek'hule, haholo-holo mefuteng ea li-carbon-carbon bond tse teng.
● Polyester ea Unsaturated (UPR):Ena ke "polyester" e tloaelehileng le e tsebahalang haholo indastering ea metsoako. Ketane ea eona ea molek'hule e na le li-bond tse peli tse sebetsang (C=C). Li-bond tsena tse peli ke lintlha tsa "unsaturation", 'me li sebetsa e le libaka tse ka bang teng tsa ho hokahanya.UPRs ka tloaelo ke li-viscous, li-resin tse kang sirapo tse nang le metsi mocheso oa kamore.
● Saturated Polyester (SP):Joalokaha lebitso le bolela, polymer ena e na le mokokotlo o nang le li-bond tse le 'ngoe (CC). Ha ho na li-bond tse peli tse sebetsang tse fumanehang bakeng sa ho hokahanya. Li-polyester tse nang le li-saturated hangata li mela, li-thermoplastics tsa boima bo phahameng ba molek'hule tse tiileng mocheso oa kamore.
Nahana ka sena: Unsaturated Polyester ke sete ea litene tsa Lego tse nang le lintlha tse bulehileng tsa khokahanyo (li-bond tse peli), tse loketseng ho notleloa hammoho le litene tse ling (sesebelisuoa sa sefapano). Saturated Polyester ke sete sa litene tse seng li kopantsoe hammoho ho ba ketane e telele, e tiileng le e tsitsitseng.
Ho qoela ka botebo: Polyester ea Unsaturated (UPR)
Li-resin tsa polyester tse sa sebetseng (li-UPR) ke li-polymer tse thermosetting. Li hloka karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale ho folisa ho tloha mokelikeli ho ea ho ntho e thata e sa keneng, e thata.
Mokhoa oa Khemistri le Phekolo:
UPRresinli entsoe ka ho itšoara ka diol (mohlala, propylene glycol) ka motsoako oa dibasic acid e tletseng le e sa tsitsang (mohlala, Phthalic Anhydride le Maleic Anhydride). Maleic Anhydride e fana ka litlamo tsa bohlokoa tse habeli.
Boselamose bo etsahala nakong ea phekolo. TheUPRresine kopantsoe le monoma e sebetsang, hangata Styrene. Ha catalyst (e organic peroxide joalokaMEKP) e eketsoa, e qala karabelo ea mahala-radical polymerization. Limolek'hule tsa styrene li kopanya sebaka se haufiUPRliketane ka litlamo tsa bona tse peli, ho theha marang-rang a teteaneng, a mahlakore a mararo. Ts'ebetso ena e ke ke ea etsolloa.
Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa:
Matla a Hlollang a Mechini:Ha li phekoloa, li thata ebile li thata.
Mathata a Phahameng a Lik'hemik'hale le Mocheso:E hanyetsana haholo le metsi, acid, alkalis le solvents.
Dimensional Stability:Ho fokotseha ho tlase nakong ea ho phekola, haholo ha ho matlafatsoa.
Bonolo ba ho sebetsa:E ka sebelisoa mekhoeng e mengata e fapaneng e kang ho beha letsoho, ho fafatsa, ho tsamaisa resin transfer molding (RTM), le pultrusion.
Litšenyehelo:Ka kakaretso theko e tlase ho fetaepoxyresinle li-resin tse ling tse sebetsang hantle haholo.
Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha:
UPRske lipere tsa mosebetsi oafiberglass e matlafalitsoeng ka polasetiki (FRP) indasteri.
Marine:Likarolo tsa likepe le li-decks.
Lipalangoang:Liphanele tsa 'mele oa koloi, li-fairings tsa literaka.
Kaho:Liphanele tsa kaho, lishiti tsa marulelo, li-sanitaryware (libate, lishaoara).
Liphaephe le Litanka:Bakeng sa limela tsa phekolo ea lik'hemik'hale le metsi.
Lejoe la Maiketsetso:Libaka tse tiileng bakeng sa li-countertops.
Ho teba ka botebo: Polyester e Kentsoeng (SP)
Li-polyester tse matlafalitsoengke lelapa la lipolima tsa thermoplastic. Li ka qhibilihisoa ke mocheso, tsa bōptjoa bocha le ho tiea ha li pholile, e leng mokhoa o ka khutlisoang morao.
Khemistri le Sebopeho:
Mefuta e atileng haholo eali-polyester tse tletsengKe PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) le PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalate). Li thehoa ke karabelo ea diol e nang le diacid e tletseng (mohlala, Terephthalic Acid kapa Dimethyl Terephthalate). Ketane e hlahisoang ha e na libaka tsa marang-rang, e etsang hore e be polymer e tsitsitseng, e tenyetsehang.
Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa:
Matla a Phahameng le Khanyetso ea Tšusumetso: Ho tšoarella ka mokhoa o tsotehang le ho hanyetsa ho phunyeha.
Ho hanyetsa lik'hemik'hale tse ntle:E hanyetsana le mefuta e mengata ea lik'hemik'hale, leha e se ea bokahohle joalo kaUPRs.
Thermoplasticity:E ka etsoa ka ente, extruded, le thermoformed.
Thepa e ntle haholo ea Barriers:PET e tsebahala ka litšobotsi tsa eona tse thibelang khase le mongobo.
Ho hanyetsana hantle le ho Apara le Abrasion:E etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa likarolo tse tsamaeang.
Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha:
Li-polyester tse tletsengli fumaneha hohle ka lipolasetiki tsa boenjiniere le ho paka.
Sephutheloana:PET ke sesebelisoa sa mantlha sa metsi a polasetiki le libotlolo tsa soda, lijana tsa lijo le lipakete tsa blister.
Textile:PET ke “polyester” e tsebahalang e sebelisoang liphahlong, lik’hapeteng le lithapong tsa thaere.
Plastiki ea Boenjiniere:PBT le PET li sebelisoa bakeng sa likarolo tsa likoloi (li-gear, li-sensor, li-connectors), lisebelisoa tsa motlakase (lihokelo, li-switches), le lisebelisoa tsa bareki.
Lethathamo la Papiso ea Hlooho le Hlooho
| Sebopeho | Unsaturated Polyester (UPR) | Polyester e khotsofatsang (SP – mohlala, PET, PBT) |
| Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale | Li-bond tse sebetsang habeli (C=C) mokokotlong | Ha ho litlamo tse peli; li-bond tsohle tse le 'ngoe (CC) |
| Mofuta oa polymer | Thermoset | Thermoplastic |
| Ho phekola/ Ho sebetsa | Pheko ea lik'hemik'hale e ke keng ea etsolloa ka styrene le catalyst | Ts'ebetso e ka khutlisang ea ho qhibiliha (ho bopa ka ente, extrusion) |
| Sebopeho se Tloaelehileng | Resin ea metsi | Li-pellets tse tiileng kapa li-granules |
| Matla a Bohlokoa | Boima bo phahameng, khanyetso e ntle ea lik'hemik'hale, litšenyehelo tse tlase | Matla a phahameng, ho hanyetsa tšusumetso, ho sebelisoa hape |
| Mefokolo ea Bohlokoa | Brittle, styrene emission nakong ea phekolo, eseng e ka sebelisoang hape | Ho hanyetsa mocheso o tlase ho feta li-thermosets, ho hlaseloa habonolo ke li-acids tse matla / metheo |
| Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha | Likepe tsa fiberglass, likarolo tsa koloi, litanka tsa lik'hemik'hale | Libotlolo tsa ho noa, masela, likarolo tsa polasetiki tsa boenjiniere |
Mokhoa oa ho khetha: Ke efe e nepahetseng bakeng sa morero oa hau?
Khetho pakeng tsaUPR'me SP ha se hangata e bang bothata hang ha u hlalosa litlhoko tsa hau. Ipotse lipotso tsena:
Khetha Polyester ea Unsaturated (UPR) haeba:
U hloka karolo e kholo, e thata, le e matla e tla hlahisoa mocheso oa kamore (joaloka sekepe sa sekepe).
Ho hanyetsa lik'hemik'hale tse phahameng ke ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa (mohlala, bakeng sa litanka tsa polokelo ea lik'hemik'hale).
U sebelisa mekhoa e mengata ea ho etsa lintho tse kang ho beha matsoho kapa pultrusion.
Litšenyehelo ke ntlha ea bohlokoa ea ho khanna.
Khetha Polyester e Saturated (SP - PET, PBT) haeba:
U hloka karolo e thata, e hananang le ts'usumetso (joaloka gear kapa ntlo e sireletsang).
U sebelisa tlhahiso ea boleng bo holimo joalo ka ho bopa ente.
Ho sebelisoa bocha kapa tšebeliso e ncha ea thepa ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa sehlahisoa kapa lebitso la hau.
U hloka thepa e ntle ea thibelo bakeng sa ho paka lijo le lino.
Qetello: Malapa a mabeli, Lebitso le le leng
Le ha polyester e "saturated" le "unsaturated" e utloahala e ts'oana, e emela makala a mabeli a fapaneng a sefate sa lelapa la polymer a nang le litsela tse fapaneng.Polyester ea Unsaturated Resinke 'mampoli oa thermosetting oa metsoako ea matla a holimo, e hanyetsanang le kutu. Saturated Polyester ke pere ea thermoplastic e ka morao ho lipolasetiki le masela tse atileng lefatšeng.
Ka ho utloisisa liphapang tsa bona tsa mantlha tsa lik'hemik'hale, u ka fetela ka nģ'ane ho pherekano 'me ua sebelisa melemo e ikhethang ea thepa e' ngoe le e 'ngoe. Tsebo ena e u fa matla a ho hlakisa polymer e nepahetseng, e lebisang lihlahisoa tse betere, lits'ebetso tse ntlafalitsoeng, 'me qetellong, katleho e kholo 'marakeng.
Nako ea poso: Nov-22-2025
